Elongation is a measure of the ductility of a material as determined by a tension test. Conducting laboratory tests on representative samples. This test is applicable to aggregates larger than 6. Various test which are done on aggregates are listed below. You might not require more period to spend to go to the book launch as without difficulty as search for them. Apparatus required to perform these shape test the. Tensile elongation is a measure of both elastic deformation and plastic deformation, and is commonly expressed as a percentage. In civil engineering cement is normally confined to. The national highway authority of pakistan specifies the ratio as 2. Pdf road construction materials basic knowledge and test.
Maerz, department of geological engineering, university of missouri rolla, 1006. Repeat this procedure until the needle, when brought in contact with the test block and released as described above, fails to pierce the block to a point 5 to 7 mm measured from. What is the significance of flakiness index and elongation. It is the increase in the gaugelength of a test specimen after fracture divided by its original gaugelength. Before using this manual, the reader should refer to the chapter entitled ground anchor inspectors manual, in the task force 27 report entitled in situ soil improvement techniques, prepared by the subcommittee on new highway materials of the aashtoagcartba joint committee. Aggregates are very important component of concrete, so the quality really matters when it comes to aggregates. Before a highway alignment is finalised in highway project, the engineering surveys are to be carried out.
Elongated and flaky stones are normally not very suitable for road works since the shape and the size make them difficult to compact. Highway and traffic engineering highway and traffic enigineering is a study on history of highway construction and the organization involved in malaysia. The dried aggregates sample is allowed to passing and retained on a set of sieve. Flakiness index and elongation index test on coarse aggregates.
Texas highway department, manual of testing procedures, vol i, materials. What do you mean by elongation index of an aggregate. Pittsburgh, pennsylvania and kenneth j boedecker specifications engineer w. Shape tests on coarse aggregates such as flakiness index and elongation index. The test apparatus consists of a standard thickness gauge 6. Measure of the ductility of a material as determined by a tension test, it is the increase in the gaugelength of a test specimen after fracture divided by its original gaugelength. In the beginning, the needle will completely pierce the test block. Consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimeter that a standard needle vertically penetrates a sample of the material under known conditions of loading, time, and. Civil engineering department, auburn university, auburn, ala.
Publications geotech federal highway administration. Transportation engineering lab viva questions and answers pdf free download for civil engineering students 2mark important unit wise questions. Fully digital testing system with high precision control and accuracy, includes automated computer control of test methods giving. Flakiness index and elongation index test for aggregate. Plate load test of soil highway engineering lec11 part3 this lecture includes following topics.
It is used in conjunction with stress and strain values to help determine the mechanical properties of a material when. Practical method of conducting the indirect tensile test. Elongation index test on coarse aggreagtes the constructor. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Read pdf khanna justo book of transportation engineering however below, subsequently you visit this web page, it will be for that reason totally easy to get as capably as. Now to separate the flaky material, the aggregates which pass through the appropriate elongated slot of the thickne ss. An investigation of the natural microscale mechanisms that cause volume change in expansive clays. Best book for highway engineering best book series for civil engineering of ioetu. This manual covers all tests which are needed to be carried out at site or regional laboratories. Explain the procedure for flakiness an elongation test on aggregate. There are many tests which are conducted to check the quality of aggregates.
Flaky and elongated particles may have adverse effects on concrete and bituminous mix. As such the flakiness and elongation test must be carried out to determine the suitability of the material. Highway engineering i would recommend highway engineering by. Tensile elongation is the stretching that a material undergoes as it is pulled in tension. Introduction to highway engineering laboratory equipment. Lectures of highway engineering forth stage nov2009 asphaltic materials 033 3.
Aashto consists of professionals from each of the states highway and transportation departments, with the of objective of developing common standards. Mts systems corporation offers a line of testing products that serve a wide set of materials testing applications. Exp 1 flakiness and elongation index civil engineers pk. The flakiness index test fi is not applicable passing 6. This guide is intended therefore, to assist the material engineers and other. Deployment of the geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system from 2011 to 2017, synthesis. Bookmark file pdf highway engineering sk khanna book ldf highway engineering sk khanna book ldf this is likewise one of the factors by obtaining the soft documents of this highway engineering sk khanna book ldf by online. Tensile testing is described, covering test specimen form, determination of the engineering stressstrain curve, and derivation of test results. Speak to one of our experts now to find a solution that fits your needs. For smaller sizes the aggregate shall be prepared in a similar manner using the appropriate sieves given in table 1. Elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose.
Date of issuance 0955 revised 0466 revised 1170 revised. Evaluation of indirect tensile tests for assessing stripping of. Tensile strength of a material is the tension stress at which a material breaks or permanently deforms changes shape toughness, resilience, poissons ratio can also be found by the use of this testing technique. Exp 8 penetration test of bitumen civil engineers pk. Users manual for laterally loaded pile analysis program for the microcomputer, com624p version 2. This course also provides the students with the knowledge regarding the method and design involved in traffic engineering. This data is plotted as load vs elongation and then converted to engineering stress loadoriginal area vs engineering strain fractional change in length over. Elongation index is the percentage by weight of particles in it, whose largest dimension i. Flakiness and elongation index of aggregate youtube.
The material for the standard test shall consist of aggregate passing a 14. Aashto m288 geotextiles technical data sheet the american association of state highway and transportation officials is known as aashto. Access free civil engineering highway khanna justo civil engineering highway khanna justo best books for highway engineering. Highway and transportation officials standard aashto no t68 an american national standard standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials1 this standard is issued under the. Shape test shape tests comprise flakiness index fi and elongation index ei. Pdf highway and transportation engineering lab manual. Determination of elongation index linkedin slideshare.
Boedecker highway engineering handbook written by roger l brockenbrough president r. Measurement of flat an d elongation of coarse aggregate using digital image processing norbert h. Tensile testing machine model 8401 machine features aluminium alloy load frame giving high strength and stiffness. The elongation index of an aggregate is defined as the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension length is 1. Ce 354 transportation engineering sessional i lab manual. It is also useful for student specializing along various categories under engineering like bio technology, civil engineering and mechanical engineering to name a few highway engineering by s. Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic.
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